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Sciatica is pain in the lower extremity resulting from irritation of the  sciatic nerve . The pain of sciatica is typically felt from the low back  (lumbar area) to behind the thigh and radiating down below the knee. The sciatic nerve is the largest nerve in the body and begins from nerve roots in the lumbar  spinal cord  in the low back and extends through the buttock area to send nerve endings down the lower limb. The pain of sciatica is sometimes referred to as sciatic nerve pain.   What are causes of sciatica? While sciatica is most commonly a result of a lumbar  disc herniation  directly pressing on the nerve, any cause of irritation or inflammation of the sciatic nerve can reproduce the symptoms of sciatica. This irritation of nerves as a result of an abnormal intervertebral disc is referred to as  radiculopathy . Aside from a  pinched nerve  from a disc, other causes of sciatica include irritation of the nerve from adjacent bone,...